This is the dataset for a study reported in PLoS ONE. The citation is: Stevens, M., Rees, T., Coffee, P., Steffens, N., Haslam, S. A., & Polman, R. (2019). Leaders’ creation of shared identity impacts group members’ effort and performance: Evidence from an exercise task. PLoS One. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218984