The demographic variables were reformatted for anonymisation purposes. The age variable was split into two groups: younger/older officer using the mean age of officers (40.91) as a guide. The length of service variable was split into two groups: shorter/longer length of service using the mean length of service (13.58) as a guide. Police department was divided into Rape and serious sexual offences (RASSO) specialism/other specialism/other role.