Data were collected using an online survey administered through Qualtrics. Participants were recruited using two online recruitment platforms: Sona Systems, which advertises research participation opportunities to undergraduate psychology students at Bournemouth University, and Prolific, an online platform used to recruit participants from the general public. Participants were required to meet the following inclusion criteria: they had to be 18 years or older, fluent in English, reside in either the United Kingdom or the United States, and be an active TikTok user, defined as having accessed TikTok at least once within the previous 30 days. Participants were informed about the study through the recruitment platforms and accessed the survey via a link directing them to Qualtrics. After opening the survey link, participants were first presented with a participant information sheet outlining the purpose of the research, what participation involved, and how their data would be used and stored. Participants then provided informed consent electronically before proceeding to the questionnaire. Those who did not consent were exited from the survey.