Data were obtained from three Wistar rats (250 - 350 g) that were chronically implanted (when the psychometric curve reached the 70% in the task outlined below) with tetrodes in their lateral orbitofrontal (lOFC) cortex (see paper for more details). We recorded n = 137 single-units and ensembles from three animals. In this study, we specifically focus on ensembles containing a minimum of three units (82 units in total), and their corresponding local field potential (LFP). The LFP was downsampled to 250 Hz to filter out the typical spiking activity component. In addition, we recorded a subset of such same ensembles in which animals were passively exposed to the same stimuli, but in which rewards were not provided. For more details on the data please refer to the "Readme.txt" dedicated files in the folders.