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          <given>Elie</given>
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    <title>The psychometric properties of an Arabic translation of the Psychopathic Processing and Personality Assessment - version 2 (PAPA-II) in a Lebanese sample</title>
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    <keywords>Psychopathy, forensic vs. community Lebanese samples, cross-cultural assessment and validation, psychometric properties, Psychopathic Processing and Personality Assessment (PAPA-II), reverse-worded items, Arab culture, gender-differences in psychopathic traits.</keywords>
    <abstract>A 29-item measure of psychopathy, the Psychopathy Processing and Personality Assessment - version 2 (PAPA-II; Lewis et al., 2017), has shown considerable promise as an alternative to existing self-report measures of psychopathy (Lewis et al., 2017). However, there have only been two UK validation studies of PAPA-II to date. In this study, we investigate the psychometric properties of an Arabic translation of PAPA-II using a wide range of external correlates in a sample of 200 Lebanese male prisoners and 152 males and females from the community. Results showed evidence of good concurrent, predictive, and convergent validity. Internal consistency values were good except for the emotional detachment factor. Confirmatory Factor Analysis broadly supported the factor structure but identified four problematic reverse worded items. The authors found support for the construct validity of PAPA-II, however, questioned the effectiveness of including reverse worded items in Arabic self-report measures.</abstract>
    <date>2020-12-04</date>
    <date_type>published</date_type>
    <publisher>Bournemouth University</publisher>
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    <contact_email>bordar@bournemouth.ac.uk</contact_email>
    <contact_details>
      <role>PhD candidate</role>
      <name>
        <family>Chrabieh</family>
        <given>Elie</given>
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      <id>elie.chrabieh@gmail.com</id>
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        <title>The psychometric properties of an Arabic translation of the Psychopathic Processing and Personality Assessment – version 2 (PAPA-II) in a Lebanese sample</title>
        <res_type>pub</res_type>
        <status>unpub</status>
        <pub>Journal of Personality Assessment</pub>
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    <data_prep_note>We examined all variables for data entry errors, missing values, and patterns in the data indicative of participants not answering honestly and eliminated 16 (4.35%) questionnaires from the data. Of the remaining data, we replaced them with the median due to the low percentage of missing values and that they were missing at random.</data_prep_note>
    <collection_method>We used a general demographic form and five well validated questionnaires to collect data. 
We appointed a certified translator to translate the English version of all measures into Arabic. The translated versions were back-translated by another certified translator to English. 
We used a disproportionate stratified sampling technique to recruit 200 adult male prisoners (mean age was 33.73 years, range 20-64) with various charges from Lebanon’s Roumieh prison. We used the same sampling technique to recruit an additional 152 adult participants (76 men; mean age 33.05, range 18-76) from various regions in Lebanon to ensure adequate representation and to reflect the diversity of the forensic sample.</collection_method>
    <geographic_cover>Various regions in Lebanon and Roumieh prison</geographic_cover>
    <legal_ethical>Risk of disclosing participants&apos; identities was mitigated by removing references to real names and other identifying information.</legal_ethical>
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      <date_to>2018-04-31</date_to>
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